Abstract
Design thinking is a human-centered innovative strategy often used by teams to come up with novel, inventive solutions to problems. The collaborations often yield more innovative results than do individual efforts. In recent years, because of the impact of the pandemic, collaborative design thinking has not been limited to face-to-face discussions; rather, more workshops have been introducing online collaboration software as a discussion tool. The purpose of this study was to capture the key aspects of process gain and loss that affected team effectiveness in short-term design workshops, provide feedback and further optimize workshops. To address the research goal, study first used a qualitative method to capture potential process gain and loss features and relied on them as a basis for forming a questionnaire. In the second stage, three workshop scenarios with different levels of media richness were set up as experiments, and participants were asked to fill out a process gain and loss questionnaire afterward. Finally, data analysis was conducted to identify key process gains and losses and use them as discussion topics. This study found that “maintain[ing] physical interactions with partners” affected process gain and loss in the design communication process. Through stepwise regression analysis, the study comprehensively selected and filtered gain and loss factors and explored team effectiveness in terms of three aspects, multiple cues, alternate channels, and empowerment. Based on the conclusions drawn from this study, suggestions for instructional designs were proposed that could be used for future design thinking workshops in different learning contexts.
Keywords
design thinking, workshop, team effectiveness, media richness, process gain and loss
DOI
https://doi.org/10.21606/iasdr.2023.323
Citation
Ma, M., Chou, W., Hsieh, E.C.,and Huang, P.(2023) Uncovering key aspects of process gains and losses in team-based design thinking workshops, in De Sainz Molestina, D., Galluzzo, L., Rizzo, F., Spallazzo, D. (eds.), IASDR 2023: Life-Changing Design, 9-13 October, Milan, Italy. https://doi.org/10.21606/iasdr.2023.323
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Uncovering key aspects of process gains and losses in team-based design thinking workshops
Design thinking is a human-centered innovative strategy often used by teams to come up with novel, inventive solutions to problems. The collaborations often yield more innovative results than do individual efforts. In recent years, because of the impact of the pandemic, collaborative design thinking has not been limited to face-to-face discussions; rather, more workshops have been introducing online collaboration software as a discussion tool. The purpose of this study was to capture the key aspects of process gain and loss that affected team effectiveness in short-term design workshops, provide feedback and further optimize workshops. To address the research goal, study first used a qualitative method to capture potential process gain and loss features and relied on them as a basis for forming a questionnaire. In the second stage, three workshop scenarios with different levels of media richness were set up as experiments, and participants were asked to fill out a process gain and loss questionnaire afterward. Finally, data analysis was conducted to identify key process gains and losses and use them as discussion topics. This study found that “maintain[ing] physical interactions with partners” affected process gain and loss in the design communication process. Through stepwise regression analysis, the study comprehensively selected and filtered gain and loss factors and explored team effectiveness in terms of three aspects, multiple cues, alternate channels, and empowerment. Based on the conclusions drawn from this study, suggestions for instructional designs were proposed that could be used for future design thinking workshops in different learning contexts.